UniversalConstraint

Inherits from: Constraint → Instance → Object

A UniversalConstraint ensures two axes on two bodies remain perpendicular. Contextually, this constraint is more restrictive than a BallSocketConstraint but less restrictive than a HingeConstraint by one degree of freedom.

Example applications of this constraint include transmitting power between the transmission and drive shafts of cars, robotics, and more.

When configuring this constraint, it may be helpful to study Roblox Units to understand how Roblox units compare to metric units.

Limits

Enabling the LimitsEnabled property exposes the MaxAngle limit to restrict tilt within a cone, as well as Restitution which defines the elasticity of the attachments when they reach the limit.

Inherits from: Constraint

Memory category: BaseParts

Properties

Name	Type / Returns	Description
UniversalConstraint.LimitsEnabled	boolean	Determines whether the angular motion of attachments' primary axes is limited.
UniversalConstraint.MaxAngle	float	The max angle, in degrees, of the constraint's limiting cone.
UniversalConstraint.Radius	float	The constraint's visualization radius.
UniversalConstraint.Restitution	float	The restitution coefficient of the cone constraint.

Inherited from Constraint

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Constraint.Active	boolean	Indicates if the constraint is currently active in the world.
Constraint.Attachment0	Attachment	The `Attachment` that is connected to `Constraint.Attachment1`.
Constraint.Attachment1	Attachment	The `Attachment` that is connected to `Constraint.Attachment0`.
Constraint.Color	BrickColor	The color of the constraint.
Constraint.Enabled	boolean	Toggles whether or not the constraint is enabled.
Constraint.Visible	boolean	Toggles the constraint's visibility.

Inherited from Instance

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Instance.Archivable	boolean	Determines if an `Instance` and its descendants can be cloned using `Instance:Clone()`, and can be saved/published.
Instance.archivable	boolean
Instance.Capabilities	SecurityCapabilities	The set of capabilities allowed to be used for scripts inside this container.
Instance.IsInSandbox	boolean	Indicates whether the instance is inside a sandboxed container.
Instance.Name	string	A non-unique identifier of the `Instance`.
Instance.Parent	Instance	Determines the hierarchical parent of the `Instance`.
Instance.PredictionMode	PredictionMode	Reflects the client-side prediction mode applied to the instance under server-authoritative physics.
Instance.RobloxLocked	boolean	A deprecated property that used to protect `CoreGui` objects.
Instance.Sandboxed	boolean	When enabled, the instance can only access abilities in its `Capabilities` list.
Instance.UniqueId	UniqueId	A unique identifier for the instance.

Inherited from Object

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Object.ClassName	string	A read-only string representing the class this `Object` belongs to.
Object.className	string

UniversalConstraint.LimitsEnabled

This property, when enabled, limits the relative angular motion of the primary axes of attachments through a cone constraint. The default value is false.

Field	Value
type	boolean
security	{"read":"None","write":"None"}
thread safety	ReadSafe
category	Universal
serialization	{"can_load":true,"can_save":true}
capabilities	["Physics"]
simulationAccess	true

UniversalConstraint.MaxAngle

This property determines the max angle, in degrees, of the constraint's limiting cone, formed from Attachment0 and its primary axis. The default value is 45 degrees.

In order for this property to take affect, the constraint's LimitsEnabled property must be set to true.

Field	Value
type	float
security	{"read":"None","write":"None"}
thread safety	ReadSafe
category	Limits
serialization	{"can_load":true,"can_save":true}
capabilities	["Physics"]
simulationAccess	true

UniversalConstraint.Radius

This property indicates the constraint's visualization radius, in studs. Default value is 0.2.

Field	Value
type	float
security	{"read":"None","write":"None"}
thread safety	ReadSafe
category	Appearance
serialization	{"can_load":true,"can_save":true}
capabilities	["Physics"]
simulationAccess	true

UniversalConstraint.Restitution

This property determines the restitution of the two Attachments connected by the UniversalConstraint when they reach the end of the range specified by MaxAngle. The value defaults to 0 and can be any floating number in the range of 0 to 1. Only applies when LimitsEnabled is set to true.

Field	Value
type	float
security	{"read":"None","write":"None"}
thread safety	ReadSafe
category	Limits
serialization	{"can_load":true,"can_save":true}
capabilities	["Physics"]
simulationAccess	true

Methods

Inherited from Constraint

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Constraint:GetDebugAppliedForce	Vector3
Constraint:GetDebugAppliedTorque	Vector3

Inherited from Instance

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Instance:AddTag	()	Applies a tag to the instance.
Instance:children	Instances	Returns an array of the object's children.
Instance:ClearAllChildren	()	This method destroys all of an instance's children.
Instance:Clone	Instance	Create a copy of an instance and all its descendants, ignoring instances that are not `Archivable`.
Instance:clone	Instance
Instance:Destroy	()	Sets the `Instance.Parent` property to `nil`, locks the `Instance.Parent` property, disconnects all connections, and calls `Destroy()` on all children.
Instance:destroy	()
Instance:FindFirstAncestor	Instance?	Returns the first ancestor of the `Instance` whose `Instance.Name` is equal to the given name.
Instance:FindFirstAncestorOfClass	Instance?	Returns the first ancestor of the `Instance` whose `Object.ClassName` is equal to the given className.
Instance:FindFirstAncestorWhichIsA	Instance?	Returns the first ancestor of the `Instance` for whom `Object:IsA()` returns true for the given className.
Instance:FindFirstChild	Instance?	Returns the first child of the `Instance` found with the given name.
Instance:findFirstChild	Instance
Instance:FindFirstChildOfClass	Instance?	Returns the first child of the `Instance` whose `ClassName` is equal to the given class name.
Instance:FindFirstChildWhichIsA	Instance?	Returns the first child of the `Instance` for whom `Object:IsA()` returns true for the given className.
Instance:FindFirstDescendant	Instance?	Returns the first descendant found with the given `Instance.Name`.
Instance:GetActor	Actor?	Returns the `Actor` associated with the Instance, if any.
Instance:GetAttribute	Variant	Returns the value which has been assigned to the given attribute name.
Instance:GetAttributeChangedSignal	RBXScriptSignal	Returns an event that fires when the given attribute changes.
Instance:GetAttributes	Dictionary	Returns a dictionary of the instance's attributes.
Instance:GetChildren	Instances	Returns an array containing all of the instance's children.
Instance:getChildren	Instances
Instance:GetDebugId	string	Returns a coded string of the debug ID used internally by Roblox.
Instance:GetDescendants	Instances	Returns an array containing all of the descendants of the instance.
Instance:GetFullName	string	Returns a string describing the instance's ancestry.
Instance:GetStyled	Variant	Returns the styled or explicitly modified value of the specified property, or else the default property value if it hasn't been styled/modified.
Instance:GetStyledPropertyChangedSignal	RBXScriptSignal	Returns an event that fires when the given style property changes on the instance.
Instance:GetTags	Array	Gets an array of all tags applied to the instance.
Instance:HasTag	boolean	Check whether the instance has a given tag.
Instance:IsAncestorOf	boolean	Returns true if an `Instance` is an ancestor of the given descendant.
Instance:IsDescendantOf	boolean	Returns `true` if an `Instance` is a descendant of the given ancestor.
Instance:isDescendantOf	boolean
Instance:IsPropertyModified	boolean	Returns `true` if the value stored in the specified property is not equal to the code-instantiated default.
Instance:QueryDescendants	Instances	Returns an array containing all descendants of the instance that match the `selector` string.
Instance:Remove	()	Sets the object's `Parent` to `nil`, and does the same for all its descendants.
Instance:remove	()
Instance:RemoveTag	()	Removes a tag from the instance.
Instance:ResetPropertyToDefault	()	Resets a property to its default value.
Instance:SetAttribute	()	Sets the attribute with the given name to the given value.
Instance:WaitForChild	Instance	Returns the child of the `Instance` with the given name. If the child does not exist, it will yield the current thread until it does.

Inherited from Object

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Object:GetPropertyChangedSignal	RBXScriptSignal	Get an event that fires when a given property of the object changes.
Object:IsA	boolean	Returns true if an object's class matches or inherits from a given class.
Object:isA	boolean

Events

Inherited from Instance

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Instance.AncestryChanged		Fires when the `Instance.Parent` property of this object or one of its ancestors is changed.
Instance.AttributeChanged		Fires whenever an attribute is changed on the `Instance`.
Instance.ChildAdded		Fires after an object is parented to this `Instance`.
Instance.childAdded
Instance.ChildRemoved		Fires after a child is removed from this `Instance`.
Instance.DescendantAdded		Fires after a descendant is added to the `Instance`.
Instance.DescendantRemoving		Fires immediately before a descendant of the `Instance` is removed.
Instance.Destroying		Fires immediately before (or is deferred until after) the instance is destroyed via `Instance:Destroy()`.
Instance.StyledPropertiesChanged		Fires whenever any style property is changed on the instance, including when a property is set to `nil`.

Inherited from Object

Name	Type / Returns	Description
Object.Changed		Fires immediately after a property of the object changes, with some limitations.